Experimental Investigation of Metal-Based Calixarenes as Dispersed Catalyst Precursors for Heavy Oil Hydrocracking

Slurry-phase hydrocracking utilizing metal-containing oil-soluble compounds as precursors of dispersed catalysts is an effective approach for heavy oil upgrading. We propose applying metal-based p-tert-butylcalix[6]arene (TBC[6]s) organic species catalyst to enhance catalytic hydrogenation reactions involved in the upgrading vacuum gas (VGO). Co- and Ni-based TBC[6]s were synthesized characterized by SEM-EDX, ICP, XRD, FT-IR. The thermogravimetric calorimetric behaviors complexes, which are key properties catalysts, also explored. experimental evaluation show that TBC[6] improved reactions. A co-catalytic system was investigated adding a commercial, first-stage supported addition catalysts. naphtha yields increased from 10.7 wt.% 11.7 12 after it along with Ni-TBC[6] Co-TBC[6], respectively. Mixing resulted elevated liquid products due situ generation highly active Co–Ni bimetallic